Multiple scales have been developed to measure the connection (referred to as prenatal bonding or prenatal attachment), between expectant parents and the fetus; however, existing scales have predominantly been designed to understand the experiences of women gestating a biologically related child. This leaves out many parents-to-be, such as fathers, non-carrying partners, non-biological parents and non-gestational parents. The main aim of this study is to develop, standardise, and validate a new, inclusive measure of prenatal bonding that can be used by all expecting parents including biological and non-biological mothers, fathers, and non gestational parents across diverse family structures. Phase 1 one of this study which aimed to gather information about expectant parents’ experiences and emotional connections with their unborn baby, as well as insights from professionals who support them, has now been completed. Phase 2 of the study is underway which involves developing a long list of possible items/statements to be used in the final scale and getting feedback on these from expectant parents and professionals.

